History Of Psychology The Making Of A Science 1st Edition By Kardas – Test Bank

Chapter 11: Biological Psychology

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. What is the scientific study of the relationships between the physiological mechanisms of the body and corresponding cognitive states?
a. bioengineering c. neurocognition
b. psychophysiology d. phenomenology

ANS: B DIF: Application REF: Introduction

2. What equipment did William Harvey use to establish that the heart was a muscle that pumped large volumes of blood into the lungs and then received them back in a continuous and closed fashion?
a. a resonator c. a magnifying glass
b. an ophthalmoscope d. a microscope

ANS: C DIF: Factual REF: Introduction

3. Harvey adapted the newer empirical methods of science and applied them to biology, providing one of the first steps toward modern biological science. About how many more years did it take before biology could be considered truly scientific?
a. 20 c. 100
b. 50 d. 200

ANS: D DIF: Factual REF: Introduction

4. The phrase ‘the immutability of species’ refers to the idea that ____.
a. the species we observe have been present since the beginning of the world
b. some species go extinct as new species come into being
c. species that are most adapted to their environment survive
d. the shifting of continents caused species to change over time

ANS: A DIF: Conceptual REF: Biology before Darwin

5. The taxonomic mnemonic for Linnaeus’s system is “King Phillip Came Over From Germany Sober.” What does ‘Sober’ represent?
a. structure c. scientific
b. species d. synthesis

ANS: B DIF: Factual REF: Biology before Darwin

6. Rob’s parents met as young, professional bicycle racers. While they were not particularly strong initially, over time they both had developed extremely powerful legs through their training. Rob, even as an infant, had unusually strong legs. What theory of how species change does this exemplify?
a. Lamarck’s theory c. Linnaeus’s theory
b. Darwin’s theory d. Malthus’s theory

ANS: A DIF: Application REF: Darwin’s Influence on Biology and Psychology

7. What finally triggered Darwin’s development of the theory of natural selection?
a. The journey on the HMS Beagle
b. Lamarck’s theory regarding the elongation of the necks of ancestral giraffes
c. The application of Linnaeus’s system for the classification of living things
d. Malthus’s essay on the external limiters (e.g., wars and famines) to unchecked human population growth

ANS: D DIF: Conceptual REF: Darwin’s Influence on Biology and Psychology

8. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Darwin showed great promise as a scholar from a young age.
b. Darwin attended Christ’s College, Cambridge, where he was not much of a student.
c. Darwin successfully became a minister upon completion of his studies at Christ’s College, Cambridge.
d. Darwin was an outstanding medical student at the University of Edinburgh.

ANS: B DIF: Factual REF: Darwin’s Influence on Biology and Psychology

9. What was Darwin’s role on the HMS Beagle?
a. Map the coastlines of South America.
b. Apply his theory of evolution to the Galapagos Islands.
c. Make soundings for depth charts.
d. Serve as naturalist and companion.

ANS: D DIF: Factual REF: Darwin’s Influence on Biology and Psychology

10. Natural selection is the competitive process by which organisms that are better adapted to survive the environmental conditions around them survive, reproduce more successfully leaving more offspring, and gradually ____.
a. alter the population characteristics of their own species
b. overcome the species with which they are natural competitors
c. replace the species that are most similar to them
d. alter the population characteristics of other species within their environment

ANS: A DIF: Conceptual REF: Darwin’s Influence on Biology and Psychology