Children 14th Edition By Santrock – Test Bank

Chapter 11 Physical Development in Middle and Late Childhood

1) During the middle and late childhood years, children gain about 5 to 7 pounds a year. The weight increase is due mainly to increases in the
A) total volume of baby fat.
B) waist circumference.
C) size of the skeletal and muscular systems.
D) head circumference.

Answer: C
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

2) Boys are usually stronger than girls because of their greater number of
A) muscle cells.
B) neurons.
C) hepatocytes.
D) stem cells.

Answer: A
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

3) One less noticeable physical change in middle and late childhood is that
A) head circumference increases in relation to body height.
B) bones continue to ossify.
C) leg length increases in relation to body height.
D) hair continues to grow in length.

Answer: B
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
4) The increase in myelination during middle and late childhood is linked to
A) a more effective processing of information on cognitive tasks.
B) an increase in the volume of blood platelets.
C) the incidence of aphasia.
D) the increase in height and the loss of baby fat in middle and late childhood.

Answer: A
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Brain Development
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

5) Advances in the prefrontal cortex are linked to which of the following in children?
A) increase in the length of limbs
B) increase in body mass
C) improved attention
D) improved muscle growth

Answer: C
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Brain Development
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

6) One shift in activation that occurs as children develop is from diffuse, larger areas to more focal, smaller areas. This shift is characterized by synaptic ________, in which areas of the brain not being used lose synaptic connections and those being used show an increase in connections.
A) spurt
B) shift
C) lapse
D) pruning

Answer: D
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Brain Development
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology
7) Which of the following activities is most fatiguing to elementary school children over longer periods of time?
A) bicycling
B) running
C) sitting
D) jumping

Answer: C
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Motor Development
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

8) Increased myelination of the nervous system is reflected in the improvement of ________ during middle and late childhood.
A) gross motor skills
B) immunity
C) height
D) fine motor skills

Answer: D
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Topic: Motor Development
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Remember
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

9) Dora is a 6-year-old girl. Which of the following motor skills is she expected to have?
A) throwing a ball 25 feet
B) finger printing using a pencil
C) tying shoes and fastening clothes
D) Judging and intercepting pathways of small balls thrown from a distance

Answer: C
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Motor Development
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology
10) Robert can use his hands independently, and with ease and precision. His grip strength has also increased. How old is he likely to be, given the development of his motor skills?
A) 8
B) 6
C) 5
D) 4

Answer: A
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Topic: Motor Development
Learning Objective: Discuss changes in body growth, the brain, and motor development in middle and late childhood.
Bloom’s: Apply
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology