Human Biology Concepts And Current Issues 8th Edition By Johnson – Test Bank

Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues, 8e (Johnson)

Chapter 11   The Nervous System: Integration and Control

11.1   Multiple-Choice Questions

1) The central nervous system is composed of which of the following?

1. A) brain and spinal cord
2. B) autonomic nervous system and brain
3. C) somatic division and autonomic division
4. D) sensory division and motor division
5. E) somatic division and motor division

Answer:  A

Topic:  Sec. 11.1

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.1

GLO:  G1

2) Which one of the following provides the central nervous system with information about the outside environment?

1. A) motor division
2. B) sympathetic division
3. C) parasympathetic division
4. D) sensory division
5. E) autonomic division

Answer:  D

Topic:  Sec. 11.1

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.1

GLO:  G1

3) Which component of the nervous system is divided into the somatic and autonomic divisions?

1. A) sensory
2. B) peripheral
3. C) motor
4. D) central
5. E) parasympathetic

Answer:  C

Topic:  Sec. 11.1

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.1

GLO:  G1

4) Electrical impulses are transmitted between components of the central nervous system via which one of the following?

1. A) glial cells
2. B) motor neurons
3. C) sensory neurons
4. D) interneurons
5. E) macrophages

Answer:  D

Topic:  Sec. 11.2

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.2a

GLO:  G1

5) Axons branch into axon terminals, which have ________ located at the terminal ends.

1. A) Schwann cells
2. B) dendrites
3. C) nodes of Ranvier
4. D) bulbs
5. E) hillocks

Answer:  D

Topic:  Sec. 11.2

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.2a

GLO:  G1

6) Which one of the following cells transmits impulses away from the central nervous system to the muscles and other organs?

1. A) motor neurons
2. B) interneurons
3. C) sensory neurons
4. D) neuroglia
5. E) dendrites

Answer:  A

Topic:  Sec. 11.2

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.2a

GLO:  G1

7) During which one of the following phases of an action potential do the sodium channels close and potassium channels open, releasing potassium from the neuron?

1. A) depolarization
2. B) reestablishment of resting potential
3. C) saltatory propagation
4. D) both depolarization and repolarization
5. E) repolarization

Answer:  E

Topic:  Sec. 11.3

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.3b

GLO:  G1

8) Which one of the following steps occurs during the absolute refractory period?

1. A) The neuron cannot generate an action potential.
2. B) Sodium channels open, releasing sodium ions into the neuron, which causes potassium channels to close.
3. C) Sodium channels open, which causes potassium channels to open.
4. D) A nerve impulse fails to reach threshold.
5. E) Potassium channels open, releasing potassium ions from the neuron; sodium channels close.

Answer:  A

Topic:  Sec. 11.3

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.3b

GLO:  G1

9) Which one of the following occurs with each cycle of the sodium-potassium pump?

1. A) Sodium is moved into the cell, creating a net negative charge outside the cell.
2. B) The net effect is removal of one osmotic particle and one positive charge from inside the cell.
3. C) The net effect is removal of one osmotic particle and one negative charge from inside the cell.
4. D) The inside of the cell becomes more negative as potassium is pumped out.
5. E) Two potassium ions and three sodium ions are pumped out of the cell.

Answer:  B

Topic:  Sec. 11.3

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.3a

GLO:  G1

10) Which one of the following happens during repolarization of a neuron?

1. A) Sodium channels close, and potassium rushes out of the cell to temporarily reestablish the membrane potential.
2. B) Potassium channels close, preventing further loss of positive ions.
3. C) The sodium-potassium pump is turned off.
4. D) Sodium channels open to allow sodium ions to rush back out of the cell.
5. E) The membrane potential is eliminated.

Answer:  A

Topic:  Sec. 11.3

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.3b

GLO:  G1

11) A neuron at rest has a charge difference across its cell membrane, with the interior of the cell negative relative to the exterior. This difference in charge across the plasma membrane is referred to as ________ potential.

1. A) action
2. B) resting
3. C) graded
4. D) refractory
5. E) depolarization

Answer:  B

Topic:  Sec. 11.3

Bloom’s:  Remembering/Understanding

LO:  11.3a

GLO:  G1