Biology of Cancer 2nd Edition By Robert A. – Test Bank

The Biology of Cancer, 2nd Edition, Question Bank

© 2014 Garland Science

Chapter 11 Multi-Step Tumorigenesis

Level 1: Comprehension of reading, knowledge of terminology

Level 2: Understanding and application of information to compare and contrast or interpretation of data

Level 3: Analysis and application of information to a problem, an experiment, a secondary concept, or previous knowledge

• Patients with colon cancer often exhibit loss of heterozygosity at specific chromosomal arms. These chromosomal regions most likely include genes that act as (Level 2)

1. Pro-apoptotic genes.
3. Tumor suppressors.
4. Tumor promoters.
5. None of the above.

• Which of the following is characteristic of field cancerization? (Level 2)

1. A single tumor grows from a single mutant cell.
2. Multiple tumors in an organ are separated by normal tissue.
3. Multiple tumors in an organ share the same germ-line mutation.
4. B and C.
5. A, B, and C.
6. • Which of the following observations would support the Darwinian theory for the evolution of cancer cells? (Level 3)
   1. Cells of the same type isolated from a tumor are all found to have multiple identical mutations.
   2. Cells of the same type isolated from a tumor are found to be genetically distinct and have different types of mutations.
   3. Cells isolated from a tumor are all found to have an inactivating mutation in a gene that is normally pro-apoptotic.
   4. A and C.
   5. None of the above.

    

   • A cell representing an intermediate between stem cells and their differentiated descendants is known as a (Level 1)
   1. Precursor cell.
   2. Transit-amplifying/progenitor cell.
   3. Self-renewing stem cell.
   4. Post-mitotic cell.
   5. None of the above.

    

   • The rate at which mutations occur in the cells within a tumor is most likely (Level 2)
   1. The same as in normal cells of that tissue type.
   2. Less frequent than in normal cells of that tissue type.
   3. More frequent than in normal cells of that tissue type.
   4. Affected by genome instability within the tumor cells.
   5. C and D.
   6. • Which of the following types of mutations would NOT be advantageous for the survival of a cancer cell? (Level 3)
      1. An inactivating mutation in a tumor suppressor gene
      2. An inactivating mutation in an oncogene
      3. An inactivating mutation in a gene that promotes apoptosis
      4. Methylation of the promoter of a tumor suppressor gene
      5. B and D

       

      • In experiments in which rat embryo fibroblasts were transfected with suspected oncogenes, introduction of which of the following genes transformed the cells? (Level 2)
      1. Myc alone
      2. H-Ras alone
      3. E1A alone
      4. Both Myc and E1A together
      5. Both Myc and H-Ras together

       

      • Transformation of some types of human cells has been achieved through insertion of cloned genes coding for (Level 2)
      1. Oncogenic H-Ras alone.
      2. SV40 early region and hTERT together.
      3. SV40 early region and oncogenic H-Ras together.
      4. hTERT and oncogenic H-Ras together.
      5. Oncogenic H-Ras, SV40 early region, and hTERT together.
      6. • When experimental mice are treated with DMBA and TPA to induce the formation of papillomas, TPA (Level 2)
         1. Serves as the initiating agent.
         2. Serves as the promoting agent.
         3. Must be administered multiple times in order for papillomas to form.
         4. B and C.
         5. None of the above.

          

         • Which of the following statements is FALSE? (Level 2)
         1. Inflammatory cells are often detected in tumor samples.
         2. Cancer often arises at sites of chronic inflammation.
         3. Use of NSAIDs has been associated with increased mortality from colorectal cancer.
         4. The inflammatory cytokine TNF has been shown to have direct transforming properties.
         5. Levels of macrophage infiltration in tumors have been negatively correlated with patient prognosis.