CJ 2nd Edition By Larry K. Gaines – Test Bank

Chapter 11 – Punishment and Sentencing

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic philosophical reasons for sentencing criminals?
a. restorative justice
b. retribution
c. incapacitation
d. deterrence
ANS: A
REF: 198-200
LO: 1

2. Retribution, the philosophy that those who commit criminal acts should be punished based on the severity of the crime, relies on which of the following principles?
a. therapy
b. rehabilitation
c. just deserts
d. incapacitation
ANS: C
REF: 198
LO: 1

3. Which type of deterrence focuses on punishing one person, in the hopes that others will be dissuaded from committing a similar crime?
a. specific deterrence
b. general deterrence
c. overall deterrence
d. circumstantial deterrence
ANS: B
REF: 199
LO: 1

4. For the better part of the past three decades, the American criminal justice system has mostly rejected many of the principles of rehabilitation as a philosophical reason for punishment in favor of other, more __________, strategies.
a. community based
b. restorative
c. regulatory
d. punitive
ANS: D
REF: 200
LO: 1

5. What is the main reason that criminal justice professionals are beginning to use more rehabilitative strategies as a philosophy of punishment?
a. Rehabilitative strategies are more cost-effective.
b. Rehabilitative strategies put more people in prison.
c. Rehabilitative strategies have dramatically increased public support for punishment.
d. Rehabilitative strategies have decreased community involvement.
ANS: A
REF: 200
LO: 1

6. Laws that require an inmate to serve a certain percentage of their sentence are called:
a. determinate sentencing laws
b. indeterminate sentencing laws
c. truth-in sentencing laws
d. good time laws
ANS: C
REF: 202
LO: 2

7. A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority is called:
a. a determinate sentence
b. an indeterminate sentence
c. truth-in sentencing
d. good time sentence
ANS: A
REF: 202
LO: 2

8. According to your book, for which type of offense does an offender typically spend less than half of the sentenced time in prison?
a. assault
b. robbery
c. rape
d. drug trafficking
ANS: D
REF: 203
LO: 2

9. Judicial sentencing authority has done which of the following in the last twenty years?
a. increased
b. decreased
c. stayed the same
d. is unable to be measured
ANS: B
REF: 203
LO: 2

10. A stipulation that allows a judge to adjust his or her sentencing decision based on the
special circumstances of a particular case is called a __________.
a. disparity
b. affidavit
c. departure
d. reversal
ANS: C
REF: 209
LO: 4