MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. After the War of 1812,
a. farmers in the North remained self-reliant and seldom participated in the emerging market economy.
b. more people in the North began to work for others in return for wages.
c. there seemed to be few economic differences between the North and the South.
d. the United States was immediately flooded with foreign imports, thus pushing many newly emerging domestic industries into bankruptcy.
ANS: B
2. Individual farmers in the new market economy of the 1800s
a. specialized in growing crops that could be sold for cash on the market.
b. started trading surplus crops with their neighbors.
c. were self-sufficient.
d. raised a wide variety of crops.
ANS: A
3. When Mary Ann Archbald produced cloth to sell for cash, her primary objective was to
a. gain money for the purchase of luxury items.
b. accumulate wealth.
c. gain economic independence for herself.
d. pay off her family’s land debt.
ANS: D
4. Which of the following was true of northern artisans in the pre-industrial age?
a. Most could not make a living as craftsmen, and thus they also engaged in subsistence farming.
b. Most lived in seaport towns.
c. They never earned wages while working for master craftsmen as either apprentices or journeymen.
d. Most lived in rural areas, and their crafted goods were transported to urban areas for sale.
ANS: B
5. Which of the following acted as an impediment to industrial growth in the early nineteenth century?
a. The enactment of laws in many Northeastern states that outlawed corporations
b. Supreme Court decisions that were unfavorable to business interests
c. The absence of businessmen willing to take investment risks
d. The lack of cheap, quick transportation
ANS: D
6. Which of the following was a consequence of the War of 1812?
a. The difficulty of moving troops and supplies during the war spurred interest in the building of a more reliable road system.
b. Sectional conflict became far more pronounced.
c. The federal government tried to pay its war debts by enacting the first income tax on American citizens.
d. The war acted to impede the emergence of domestic industries.
ANS: A
7. The explosion of canal building in the 1820s and 1830s was caused by the
a. success of the Erie Canal.
b. impact of the protective tariff.
c. development of the New England textile industry.
d. provision of federal subsidies for canal construction.
ANS: A
8. The development of a national railroad system was hampered by which of the following?
a. The absence of a national standard for track width
b. The public’s fear concerning the safety of rail travel
c. The refusal of most financial institutions to grant loans for rail construction
d. The cost of both buying land and hiring the number of workers necessary to lay track over rough terrain
ANS: A
9. In the mid-nineteenth century, where was the one place that northern and southern railroads connected?
a. Baltimore, Maryland
b. Bowling Green, Kentucky
c. Nashville, Tennessee
d. Richmond, Virginia
ANS: B
10. Which of the following was true of the nation’s canals and railroads by 1860?
a. The national transportation network they created promoted a sense of national unity.
b. Construction was so haphazard that they hampered the emergence of a national marketplace.
c. They did little to unite the North and the South.
d. They had been completely financed by the federal government.
ANS: C
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