1. The period of climate change in Europe between 1300 and 1450 is known as the
A) Great Schism.
B) “little ice age.”
C) Black Death.
D) Great Flood.
2. What battle provided the English and King Edward III a tremendous victory over mounted French knights in 1346?
A) Orléans
B) Normandy
C) Avignon
D) Crécy
3. What English weapon provided an advantage against the mounted French knights in the battles of Poitiers and Agincourt?
A) Battle axe
B) Longbow
C) Sword
D) Crossbow
4. How were the consequences of the “little ice age” experienced in Europe?
A) Economic disruptions in one region had serious implications for its trading partners in other, distant regions.
B) Economic disruptions were responded to effectively by drawing on a broad pool of potential resources.
C) Economic disruptions were experienced severely in specific regions but sufficiently isolated to inhibit a general economic downturn.
D) Economic disruptions were not severely felt, for economic risk had been widely diversified.
5. How did minority groups suffer during the subsistence crises of the fourteenth century?
A) Jews and lepers were accused of poisoning wells to kill Christians, and as a result, many were killed, beaten, or heavily fined.
B) Muslims and Jews were denied rations for city storage supplies, resulting in widespread death from starvation among these populations.
C) Muslims and Jews would only receive grain supplies if they gave over their children to be raised as Christians.
D) Lepers and gypsies were considered unworthy of sharing in limited food supplies, and so were slaughtered.
6. What changes around 1300 permitted a significant expansion in the movement of goods?
A) Improvements in ship design permitted year-round shipping.
B) The end of knightly warfare permitted trade to develop along peaceful, secure trade routes.
C) The development of fixed currency of known value gave merchants greater ability to negotiate prices.
D) Expansion of banking houses allowed merchants to draw on credit more effectively.
7. In general, during the plague, the clergy
A) fled to monasteries in the countryside.
B) cared for the sick and buried the dead.
C) refused to administer sacraments to plague victims.
D) let nuns take care of the sick.
8. The highly infectious nature of the plague was enhanced by
A) an influx of peasants seeking medical care.
B) urban congestion and lack of sanitation.
C) the total absence of healthcare facilities.
D) starving peasants’ consumption of black rats.
9. Who benefited from the Black Death?
A) Merchants: They benefited from the demands for goods and food in devastated areas and expanded their efforts to form more uniform trade networks.
B) Workers: Those who survived demanded high wages after the Black Death, increasing the standard of living for the broad mass of people.
C) Nobles: They gained more secure control over their land and over the serfs due to the protection they had provided during the plague.
D) Kings: They were able to capture more land for their realms because many areas were depopulated and undefended because of the plague.
10. The establishment of new colleges and universities in the years following the Black Death
A) greatly weakened the international nature of medieval culture.
B) resulted in universities that were generally similar to the internationally oriented earlier universities.
C) enhanced the role of the papacy in European affairs.
D) led to the foundation of the Dominican and Franciscan orders.
Answer Key
1. B
2. D
3. B
4. A
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. B
9. B
10. A
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