Biology 2nd Edition By Robert J. Brooker – Test Bank

Chapter 11

Test Bank: Nucleic Acid Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Type S Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium is lethal and will kill its host. If heat inactivated the S strain becomes nonlethal. Type R Streptococcous pneumoniae is a nonvirulent strain of bacteria. What would occur if one were to inject both the R strain and heat-killed S strains into a host organism such as the mouse?
   A.The S strain would be transformed into the nonvirulent R strain and kill the host.
   B. The R strain would be transformed into the virulent S strain and kill the host.
   C. The S strain would be transformed into the nonvirulent R strain and not affect the host.
   D. The R strain would be transformed into the virulent S strain and not affect the host.
   E. Neither the S nor the R strain would change.

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.01
Topic: Genetic
 

2. Which of the following is NOT a criterion for an organism’s genetic material?
   A.The genetic material must contain information necessary to construct a whole organism.
   B. The genetic material must be transmitted from parent to offspring.
   C. To transmit information the genetic material must be replicated.
   D. The genetic material must be dynamic, changing rapidly in response to changes in the environment.
   E. Genetic material must account for the known variation within each species and among different species.

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.01
Topic: Genetic
 

3. Which of the following would represent the “transformation principal” first proposed by Griffith through his studies on Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium?
   A.protein
   B. RNA
   C. DNA
   D. phage
   E. bateriophage

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.01
Topic: Genetic
 

4. Who discovered that DNA was the genetic material or transforming factor that could convert nonvirulent R-type Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium to the virulent S-type?
   A.Weismann and Nageli
   B. Griffith
   C. Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty
   D. Hershey and Chase
   E. Watson, Crick, Wilkins, and Franklin

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.01
Topic: Genetic
 

5. The protein of T2 bacteriophage is labeled with ³⁵S and the DNA with ³²P. Where would one detect most of the ³²P if the T2 bacteriophage were allowed to infect the bacteria?
   A.on the phage coat surrounding the T2 bacteriophage
   B. on the membrane of the infected bacteria
   C. inside the T2 bacteriophage capsid
   D. inside the infected bacteria
   E. The ³²P would be equally distributed within the T2 bacteriophage and infected bacteria.

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.01
Topic: Genetic
 

6. Which of the following scientist-discoveries is mismatched?
   A.Watson, Crick, Wilkins, and Franklin-DNA structure
   B. Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty-DNA is the genetic material
   C. Meselson and Stahl-mechanism of DNA replication
   D. Griffith-chromosomes
   E. Hershey and Chase-DNA is the genetic material of bacteriophage

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.01
Topic: Genetic
 

7. Which of the following relationships about nucleotide composition in DNA is TRUE?
   A.C+G=A+T
   B. C+A=G+T
   C. C=A
   D. G=T
   E. C=T

Bloom’s Level: Apply
Section: 11.01
Topic: Genetic
 

8. ___________ are the building blocks of DNA.
   A. genes
   B.  double helices
   C.  amino acids
   D.  nucleotides
   E.  chromosomes

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.02
Topic: Genetic
 

9. Which of the following is the highest (or most complex) level of structure for genetic material?
   A.nucleotide
   B. double helix
   C. DNA
   D. gene
   E. chromosome

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 11.02
Topic: Genetic
 

10. Beginning with the simplest level of structure, which order of organization of genetic material is CORRECT?
    A.DNA, nucleotide, gene, genome, chromosome
    B. nucleotide, DNA, gene, chromosome, genome
    C. DNA, nucleotide, gene, chromosome, genome
    D. nucleotide, DNA, gene, genome, chromosome
    E. nucleotide, DNA, chromosome, gene, genome

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 11.02
Topic: Genetic
 

11. The nucleotides within DNA are composed of a
    A.phosphate group, ribose sugar, and nitrogenous base.
    B. sulfur group, ribose sugar, and nitrogenous base.
    C. phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogenous base.
    D. sulfur group, deoxyribose sugar, and nitrogenous base.
    E. phosphate group, hexose sugar, and nitrogenous base.

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.02
Topic: Genetic
 

12. All of the following nucleotide bases are pyrimidines EXCEPT
    A.adenine.
    B. thymine.
    C. cytosine.
    D. uracil.
    E. cytosine and thymine.

Bloom’s Level: Remember
Section: 11.02
Topic: Genetic
 

13. Which of the following is FALSE when comparing RNA and DNA?
    A.Both are produced by phosphodiester linkages.
    B. Both are composed of phosphate groups.
    C. Both are composed of sugars.
    D. Both are composed of identical nucleotides.
    E. Both are composed of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Bloom’s Level: Understand
Section: 11.02
Topic: Genetic
 

14. One of the most critical pieces of evidence to the discovery of DNA structure was
    A.its composition of four different nucleotides.
    B. its mode of replication.
    C. an X-ray diffraction pattern suggesting a double helix shape.
    D. the backbone containing sugar-phosphate linkages.
    E. the covalent bonding between different nucleotides.

Bloom’s Level: Evaluation
Section: 11.02
Topic: Genetic
 

15. Which of the following statements about the structure or composition of DNA is FALSE?
    A.DNA is a double helix.
    B. Complementary base-pairing occurs between pyrimidine and purine bases.
    C. The amount of thymine closely approximates that of guanine within a particular organism.
    D. Each nucleotide within a DNA is separated by about 0.34 angstroms.
    E. Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine with cytosine.