Biology Science For Life 5th Edition By Belk – Test Bank

Chapter 11 An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

1) What causes the disease tuberculosis?
A) a particular type of virus
B) a particular type of bacteria
C) exposure to polluted air
D) genetics
Answer: B
Section: 11.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 11.1

2) What is the primary body part affected by tuberculosis?
A) the liver
B) the muscles
C) the immune system
D) the lungs
Answer: D
Section: 11.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 11.1

3) How is tuberculosis transmitted?
A) by sexual contact
B) by contaminated food
C) by sneezes
D) by infected blood products
Answer: C
Section: 11.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 11.1

4) Your friend was diagnosed with strep throat 2 months ago. She was treated with antibiotics for 10 days, but two weeks after treatment, the symptoms returned. She was given a different antibiotic and her symptoms improved again, initially, but then got worse. What is happening?
A) Your friend has taken antibiotics so long that she has become tolerant to them, making them ineffective.
B) Exposure to antibiotics has caused each individual bacterial cell to evolve resistance to the antibiotics.
C) Your friend was originally infected with some bacteria that were resistant to these two antibiotics and the bacteria multiplied.
D) Your friend probably doesn’t have a bacterial infection. There must be some other reason for her symptoms.
Answer: C
Section: 11.1
Skill: Application/Analysis (Apply/Analyze)
Learning Outcome: 11.1
5) After a rapid change in climate, one population of bird quickly adapts to the change, but others in the area do not. What could you conclude about the quickly adapting population?
A) They had a greater need to evolve than the other population.
B) They already had some alleles in their genome that were adaptive in the new environment.
C) They reproduced more slowly than the non-adapting population.
D) They had a higher rate of mutation than the other population.
Answer: B
Section: 11.2
Skill: Application/Analysis (Apply/Analyze)
Learning Outcome: 11.2

6) What is evolution?
A) a rare event
B) a process that is constantly occurring at the same rate in all organisms
C) a process that occurs as a result of differences in reproductive fitness
D) a process that occurred only in the past
Answer: C
Section: 11.2
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension (Remember/Understand)
Learning Outcome: 11.3

7) Which group is able to evolve?
A) individual cats in a home
B) a population of asexually reproducing bacteria
C) a rose bush
D) an HIV virus that has infected a patient
Answer: B
Section: 11.2
Skill: Comprehension/Application (Understand/Apply)
Learning Outcome: 11.3

8) When a population of organisms is evolving, what can you be sure is happening?
A) It’s improving.
B) It’s stable (no change).
C) It’s getting bigger.
D) It’s changing.
Answer: D
Section: 11.2
Skill: Comprehension/Application (Understand/Apply)
Learning Outcome: 11.3
9) A city was intensively sprayed with DDT to control houseflies. The number of houseflies was immediately greatly reduced. Each year thereafter, the city was sprayed again, but the flies gradually increased in numbers until 10 years later, when they were almost as abundant as they were when the control program began. Which explanation applies to this situation?
A) Flies from other areas moved in and replaced the ones killed by DDT.
B) The few flies that were affected by DDT but survived developed antibodies to DDT, which they passed on to their descendants.
C) The DDT caused new mutations to occur in the surviving flies, resulting in resistance to DDT.
D) The DDT killed most flies. The few that were already naturally resistant survived and passed this resistance on to their offspring.
Answer: D
Section: 11.2
Skill: Application/Analysis (Apply/Analyze)
Learning Outcome: 11.3

10) In order for the theory of common descent and the theory of natural selection to both be supported, what can we infer about the genetic material for all life?
A) It must change very rarely.
B) It must vary spontaneously and randomly.
C) It must be transferable between adults.
D) It must be transferable between different species.
Answer: B
Section: 11.2
Skill: Application/Analysis (Apply/Analyze)
Learning Outcome: 11.3