Fundamental Nursing Care 2nd Edition By Roberta Pavy Ramont – Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) During a class discussion about life span development, an instructor asks the nursing students to 1) give examples of the relationship of a nurse’s moral development to that nurse’s clinical practice. Which example indicates that a nurse has incorporated a high level of moral development into clinical practice?
A) A newly hired nurse wants to do well and be liked by everyone.
B) A nurse follows the rules of the employer.
C) A nurse supports and implements the Patient’s Bill of Rights.
D) A nurse refuses to care for a client who has had an abortion.
Answer: C
Explanation: A) The highest level of moral development, according to Kohlberg, is evidenced by an understanding of the principles of human rights and a personal conscience. Laws are upheld because they protect universal rights, not singularly because of a license or a facility. Basing clinical practice on the approval of others is an example of Kohlberg’s middle or conventional level. A nurse may refuse to care for a client who has had an abortion because of his or her religious beliefs, except in the case of an emergency or when a client’s life is in danger. This statement is too general to select as the correct answer.
Evaluation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Application
B) The highest level of moral development, according to Kohlberg, is evidenced by an understanding of the principles of human rights and a personal conscience. Laws are upheld because they protect universal rights, not singularly because of a license or a facility. Basing clinical practice on the approval of others is an example of Kohlberg’s middle or conventional level. A nurse may refuse to care for a client who has had an abortion because of his or her religious beliefs, except in the case of an emergency or when a client’s life is in danger. This statement is too general to select as the correct answer.
Evaluation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Application
C) The highest level of moral development, according to Kohlberg, is evidenced by an understanding of the principles of human rights and a personal conscience. Laws are upheld because they protect universal rights, not singularly because of a license or a facility. Basing clinical practice on the approval of others is an example of Kohlberg’s middle or conventional level. A nurse may refuse to care for a client who has had an abortion because of his or her religious beliefs, except in the case of an emergency or when a client’s life is in danger. This statement is too general to select as the correct answer.
Evaluation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Application
D) The highest level of moral development, according to Kohlberg, is evidenced by an understanding of the principles of human rights and a personal conscience. Laws are upheld because they protect universal rights, not singularly because of a license or a facility. Basing clinical practice on the approval of others is an example of Kohlberg’s middle or conventional level. A nurse may refuse to care for a client who has had an abortion because of his or her religious beliefs, except in the case of an emergency or when a client’s life is in danger. This statement is too general to select as the correct answer.
Evaluation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Application
2) A 7- year- old child has been diagnosed with acute glomerulonephritis and is to be on bedrest at 2) home until there is no longer any hematuria. It is expected that this will be approximately two weeks. The child’s parents ask the home care nurse for suggestions for appropriate activities for the child during this time. The most appropriate suggestion by the nurse is for the parents to:
A) Have the child select a favorite stuffed animal for company when the parents are busy with other household requirements.
B) Provide the child with safety scissors, several magazines with pictures, paste, and paper to make a book project.
C) Have school friends visit for short periods of time each day so the children can play video games.
D) Get a selection of picture books from the library each week.
Answer: B
Explanation: A) A 7- year- old child is able to use blunt end scissors safely and correctly. An ongoing project will hold the child’s (and the parent’s) interest over time. There will be a finished product at the end of the bedrest limitations. This activity is appropriate for the child’s age, manual skills, and developmental stage. A selection of books from the library is a good choice except that picture books are more appropriate for the toddler and preschool- age child. A stuffed animal is not the best choice either as an activity or as a replacement for the parents. Children with acute glomerulonephritis need a quiet environment, which is not likely to occur with a group of school friends playing games.
Implementation
Health Promotion and Maintenance Analysis
B) A 7- year- old child is able to use blunt end scissors safely and correctly. An ongoing project will hold the child’s (and the parent’s) interest over time. There will be a finished product at the end of the bedrest limitations. This activity is appropriate for the child’s age, manual skills, and developmental stage. A selection of books from the library is a good choice except that picture books are more appropriate for the toddler and preschool- age child. A stuffed animal is not the best choice either as an activity or as a replacement for the parents. Children with acute glomerulonephritis need a quiet environment, which is not likely to occur with a group of school friends playing games.
Implementation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Analysis
C) A 7- year- old child is able to use blunt end scissors safely and correctly. An ongoing project will hold the child’s (and the parent’s) interest over time. There will be a finished product at the end of the bedrest limitations. This activity is appropriate for the child’s age, manual skills, and developmental stage. A selection of books from the library is a good choice except that picture books are more appropriate for the toddler and preschool- age child. A stuffed animal is not the best choice either as an activity or as a replacement for the parents. Children with acute glomerulonephritis need a quiet environment, which is not likely to occur with a group of school friends playing games.
Implementation
Health Promotion and Maintenance Analysis
D) A 7- year- old child is able to use blunt end scissors safely and correctly. An ongoing project will hold the child’s (and the parent’s) interest over time. There will be a finished product at the end of the bedrest limitations. This activity is appropriate for the child’s age, manual skills, and developmental stage. A selection of books from the library is a good choice except that picture books are more appropriate for the toddler and preschool- age child. A stuffed animal is not the best choice either as an activity or as a replacement for the parents. Children with acute glomerulonephritis need a quiet environment, which is not likely to occur with a group of school friends playing games.
Implementation
Health Promotion and Maintenance Analysis
3) A male school nurse is presenting a health education class for 9th- grade students. When the nurse 3) uses the words “penis” and “vagina” several students begin to laugh and talk loudly with each other, while other students are very quiet and a few appear embarrassed. What is the most important understanding for the nurse to use to base his response to the students? A) Laughing with the students will decrease the tension in the room.
B) Adolescence is a time to develop more mature relations with age- mates.
C) The students may be more uncomfortable with the information because the school nurse is a male.
D) People of all ages are uncomfortable with explicit terminology for body organs and functions.
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Students in the 9th grade are approximately 14- 15 years of age. This age child is experiencing expected body image changes with sexual maturation. Using correct terminology for the reproductive structures is appropriate and the students need to be assisted to increase their comfort in discussions using these terms, as part of their health education. Saying that people of all ages are uncomfortable with explicit terminology for body organs and functions is too general and does not provide insight that is helpful in moving the students past the laughter and embarrassment. Laughing with the students responds only to those students who are laughing. While laughter does decrease tension and is appropriate in some settings, for the instructor to laugh with the students at this time reinforces the idea that the terms are funny. Stating that the students are uncomfortable because the nurse is a male makes an assumption that the student’s responses are based on the teacher’s gender.
Evaluation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Analysis
B) Students in the 9th grade are approximately 14- 15 years of age. This age child is experiencing expected body image changes with sexual maturation. Using correct terminology for the reproductive structures is appropriate and the students need to be assisted to increase their comfort in discussions using these terms, as part of their health education. Saying that people of all ages are uncomfortable with explicit terminology for body organs and functions is too general and does not provide insight that is helpful in moving the students past the laughter and embarrassment. Laughing with the students responds only to those students who are laughing. While laughter does decrease tension and is appropriate in some settings, for the instructor to laugh with the students at this time reinforces the idea that the terms are funny. Stating that the students are uncomfortable because the nurse is a male makes an assumption that the student’s responses are based on the teacher’s gender.
Evaluation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Analysis
C) Students in the 9th grade are approximately 14- 15 years of age. This age child is experiencing expected body image changes with sexual maturation. Using correct terminology for the reproductive structures is appropriate and the students need to be assisted to increase their comfort in discussions using these terms, as part of their health education. Saying that people of all ages are uncomfortable with explicit terminology for body organs and functions is too general and does not provide insight that is helpful in moving the students past the laughter and embarrassment. Laughing with the students responds only to those students who are laughing. While laughter does decrease tension and is appropriate in some settings, for the instructor to laugh with the students at this time reinforces the idea that the terms are funny. Stating that the students are uncomfortable because the nurse is a male makes an assumption that the student’s responses are based on the teacher’s gender.
Evaluation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Analysis
D) Students in the 9th grade are approximately 14- 15 years of age. This age child is experiencing expected body image changes with sexual maturation. Using correct terminology for the reproductive structures is appropriate and the students need to be assisted to increase their comfort in discussions using these terms, as part of their health education. Saying that people of all ages are uncomfortable with explicit terminology for body organs and functions is too general and does not provide insight that is helpful in moving the students past the laughter and embarrassment. Laughing with the students responds only to those students who are laughing. While laughter does decrease tension and is appropriate in some settings, for the instructor to laugh with the students at this time reinforces the idea that the terms are funny. Stating that the students are uncomfortable because the nurse is a male makes an assumption that the student’s responses are based on the teacher’s gender.
Evaluation
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Analysis

4) A 23- year- old female is seen in a family physician’s office for a pelvic exam and receives a refill of 4) a prescription for an oral contraceptive. The office nurse is discussing several areas of health promotion with the client. It is essential that the nurse review with the client the importance of: A) Having any sexual partner wear a condom to prevent a sexually transmitted disease.

B) Returning for the yearly pelvic exam and Papanicolaou test.
C) Avoiding alcohol when taking oral contraceptives.
D) Reporting any instances of breast soreness with the oral contraceptive.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Oral contraception prevents pregnancy and does not protect the client from sexually transmitted diseases. The client does not need to report common side effects of oral contraceptives. Side effects and reportable symptoms should be reviewed, as well as the need for annual gynecological exams. Alcohol has not been shown to cause adverse effects with oral contraceptives. Females who take oral contraceptives should not smoke.
Implementation
Health Promotion and Maintenance Analysis
B) Oral contraception prevents pregnancy and does not protect the client from sexually transmitted diseases. The client does not need to report common side effects of oral contraceptives. Side effects and reportable symptoms should be reviewed, as well as the need for annual gynecological exams. Alcohol has not been shown to cause adverse effects with oral contraceptives. Females who take oral contraceptives should not smoke.
Implementation
Health Promotion and Maintenance Analysis
C) Oral contraception prevents pregnancy and does not protect the client from sexually transmitted diseases. The client does not need to report common side effects of oral contraceptives. Side effects and reportable symptoms should be reviewed, as well as the need for annual gynecological exams. Alcohol has not been shown to cause adverse effects with oral contraceptives. Females who take oral contraceptives should not smoke.
Implementation
Health Promotion and Maintenance Analysis
D) Oral contraception prevents pregnancy and does not protect the client from sexually transmitted diseases. The client does not need to report common side effects of oral contraceptives. Side effects and reportable symptoms should be reviewed, as well as the need for annual gynecological exams. Alcohol has not been shown to cause adverse effects with oral contraceptives. Females who take oral contraceptives should not smoke.
Implementation
Health Promotion and Maintenance Analysis
5) A 22- year- old client is seen for evaluation of healing of a hand and wrist injury he sustained while 5) playing volleyball. A cast was applied to the client’s right hand and wrist several weeks ago. The office nurse is reviewing the social history given by the client to determine what client teaching might be needed. The client works outdoors as a gardener, drinks alcohol less than two times a week and does not drive if he has had any alcohol, smokes an occasional cigar, and uses condoms when having sexual intercourse. The focus of the client education will be based on the nurse’s recognition that currently the client is most at risk for: A) Sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV.
B) Cirrhosis of the liver.
C) Cancer of the lung or oral cavity.
D) Cancer of the skin.
Answer: D
Explanation: A) The question is looking for a current high- risk behavior. While working outdoors
the client is continuously exposed to the weather, including ultraviolet rays of the sun. Although alcohol and tobacco use and sexual intercourse can increase the risks for several health problems, the client has indicated that he uses condoms, does not drive when he has ingested alcohol, and does not engage in excessive use of either alcohol or tobacco.
Assessment
Physiological Integrity – Reduction of Risk Potential Analysis
B) The question is looking for a current high- risk behavior. While working outdoors the client is continuously exposed to the weather, including ultraviolet rays of the sun. Although alcohol and tobacco use and sexual intercourse can increase the risks for several health problems, the client has indicated that he uses condoms, does not drive when he has ingested alcohol, and does not engage in excessive use of either alcohol or tobacco.
Assessment
Physiological Integrity – Reduction of Risk Potential Analysis
C) The question is looking for a current high- risk behavior. While working outdoors the client is continuously exposed to the weather, including ultraviolet rays of the sun. Although alcohol and tobacco use and sexual intercourse can increase the risks for several health problems, the client has indicated that he uses condoms, does not drive when he has ingested alcohol, and does not engage in excessive use of either alcohol or tobacco.
Assessment
Physiological Integrity – Reduction of Risk Potential Analysis
D) The question is looking for a current high- risk behavior. While working outdoors the client is continuously exposed to the weather, including ultraviolet rays of the sun. Although alcohol and tobacco use and sexual intercourse can increase the risks for several health problems, the client has indicated that he uses condoms, does not drive when he has ingested alcohol, and does not engage in excessive use of either alcohol or tobacco.
Assessment
Physiological Integrity – Reduction of Risk Potential Analysis
6) A 16- year- old male arrives for an appointment for a physical examination, which is required prior 6) to participating in sports activities at his school. The office nurse hears the client make all of the following statements. Which statement by the client suggests an important area to be considered for health teaching by the office nurse during this visit?
A) “I work out every day with the track team.”
B) “I’m growing. The more I eat, the better it is.”
C) “If my parents catch me without a seat belt, I don’t get to drive.”
D) “I’ve learned about safer sex and birth control in health class at school.”
Answer: B