Chapter 11
The Endocrine System
Multiple Choice Questions
- Which of the following statements is not true of the endocrine system?
A.It is one of two major regulatory systems of the body
B. It is composed of glands that secrete chemical messengers into the blood
C. It is an important regulator of homeostatic mechanisms
D. It influences and is influenced by the nervous system
E. All of the choices are true
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Section 11 Introduction
Topic: Endocrine System
- Hormones(,)
A.Are chemical regulators that are conveyed from one organ to another via the bloodstream
B. In some cases, also function as local regulators and/or neurotransmitters
C. In some cases, contain carbohydrates
D. Both are chemical regulators that are conveyed from one organ to another via the bloodstream and, in some cases, also function as local regulators and/or neurotransmitters are correct
E. All of the choices are correct
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Section 11 Introduction
Topic: Endocrine System
- Endocrine regulation
A.Refers to chemical regulators that are conveyed from one organ to another via the bloodstream
B. Is slower than regulation by neurotransmission
C. Differs from paracrine regulation in that endocrine regulators act on different cell types from those that secreted them, whereas paracrine regulators are secreted by the same cell type on which they act
D. Both refers to chemical regulators that are conveyed from one organ to another via the bloodstream and is slower than regulation by neurotransmission are correct
E. All of the choices are correct
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Section 11 Introduction
Topic: Endocrine System
- An endocrine cell that contains an abundance of granular endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and secretion granules is likely to
A.Secrete a peptide/protein hormone
B. Secrete by exocytosis
C. Secrete in an exocrine manner
D. Secrete a peptide/protein hormone and secrete by exocytosis
E. Do all of these things
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Section 11A.01
Topic: Endocrine System
- Cells that secrete steroid hormones
A.Store large amounts of hormone
B. Are characterized by abundant agranular endoplasmic reticulum
C. Are characterized by large and numerous mitochodria
D. Both store large amounts of hormone and are characterized by abundant agranular endoplasmic reticulum are correct
E. Both are characterized by abundant agranular endoplasmic reticulum and are characterized by large and numerous mitochondria are correct
Bloom’s Level: 2. Understand
Section 11A.01
Topic: Endocrine System
- Regarding the structure and synthesis of hormones,
A.Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol
B. Thyroid hormones are catecholamines
C. The hormones of the adrenal cortex have the same structure as the neurotransmitters of adrenergic neurons
D. Most peptide hormones require binding proteins for transport in the blood
E. Vasopressin is synthesized in the posterior pituitary
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Section 11A.01
Topic: Endocrine System
- The enzyme in the mitochondria responsible for the modification of cholesterol that is important to the synthesis of steroid hormones is called
A.Cytochrome P450 enzyme
B. Tyrosine hydroxylase
C. Protein kinase
D. Cholesterol esterase
E. Lipase
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Section 11A.01
Topic: Endocrine System
- Which of the following statements about hormone activation is true?
A.Prohormones are inactive messengers that must undergo conversion to an active form at their site of production
B. Conversion of T3 to T4 is an example of hormone activation
C. Conversion of testosterone to estradiol is an example of hormone activation
D. Both prohormones are inactive messengers that must undergo conversion to an active form at their site of production and conversion of T3 to T4 is an example of hormone activation are true
E. Both prohormones are inactive messengers that must undergo conversion to an active form at their site of production and conversion of testosterone to estradiol is an example of hormone activation are true
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Section 11A.01
Topic: Endocrine System
- Which of the following statements about hormone synthesis is not correct?
A.Progesterone is a precursor of cortisol
B. Progesterone is a precursor of mineralocorticoid(s) and glucocorticoid(s)
C. Progesterone is a precursor for all steroid hormones
D. Tryptophan is a precursor for thyroid hormones
E. All of these are true statements
Bloom’s Level: 1. Remember
Section 11A.01
Topic: Endocrine System
- If a patient were given a drug that inhibited the actions of proteolytic enzymes in the blood plasma only (i.e., not in cells), which of the following is most likely to result?
A.Conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine would be inhibited
B. Conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin would be reduced
C. Conversion of testosterone to estradiol would be unaffected
D. Both conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine would be inhibited and conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin would be reduced would result
E. Both conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin would be reduced and conversion of testosterone to estradiol would be unaffected would result
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