Chapter 11 – Personality, Theory and Assessment
1) Personality is defined as
a. the degree of popularity or social approval accorded an individual.
b. the common characteristics that all individuals share regardless of superficial differences.
c. unpredictable deviations from an individual’s usual pattern of behaviour.
d. an individual’s unique and stable pattern of characteristics and behaviour.
Answer: d
Correct: Personality is defined as a unique, relatively stable pattern of traits or characteristics.
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308
Topic: Factual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
2) The term _____________refers not only to a therapy for treating psychological disorders but also to a personality theory.
a. preconscious
b. Jungian
c. humanistic
d. psychoanalysis
Answer: d
Correct: The term psychoanalysis is both the label for the type of therapy used by Freud, and a theory of personality put forth by Freud.
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308
Topic: Factual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
3) An individual’s unique characteristic patterns of thinking, behaving and feeling is called
a. psychic determiners.
b. intelligence.
c. temperament.
d. personality.
Answer: d
Correct: Personality is defined as a relatively stable, unique pattern of traits or characteristics, reflected in thoughts, behaviours, and feelings.
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308
Topic: Factual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
4) The definition of the term “personality” includes which of the following aspects?
a. idiosyncratic features which cannot be measured
b. unique patterns of behaving
c. unique features for which measurement devices exist
d. unique patterns of thinking
Answer: b
Correct: Personality is defined as a unique, relatively stable pattern of traits or characteristics.
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308
Topic: Conceptual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
5) Which of the following best describes what is meant by the term “psychoanalysis”?
a. It is a theory of the unconscious.
b. It is a therapy for treating psychological disorders.
c. It is both a therapy for treating psychological disorders and a theory of personality.
Correct: The term “psychoanalysis” is both the label for the type of therapy used by Freud, and a theory of personality put forth by Freud.
d. It is a theory of personality.
Answer: c
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308
Topic: Conceptual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
6) Sigmund Freud’s theory is built on
a. a theoretical description of the way in which people learn to socialize from their family.
b. assumptions about lifelong human growth and development.
c. the concept of psychic determinism.
d. information gained from the treatment of his patients and his own life experiences.
Answer: d
Correct: Freud derived his theories and conclusions about human behaviour based on his own life experiences, as well as the treatment of his patients.
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308
Topic: Factual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
7) The theory of psychoanalysis was developed under the leadership of
a. Alfred Adler.
b. Sigmund Freud.
c. Abraham Maslow.
d. Carl Rogers.
Answer: b
Correct: The term psychoanalysis is both the label for the type of therapy used by Freud, and a theory of personality put forth by Freud.
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308
Topic: Factual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
8) Which of the following is not one of the ideas central to psychoanalytic theory?
a. the sexual instinct
b. the unconscious
c. infantile sexuality
d. the lack of a cause for most human thought and behaviour
Answer: d
Correct: Freud had a place in his theory for childhood sexuality, the sexual instinct in general, and the unconscious. However, he did not believe there was a lack of a cause for most human thought and behaviour. Rather, he believed there was a cause for every human action and thought.
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308-309
Topic: Conceptual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
9) Which of the following is not a major component of Freud’s theory?
a. the dominant role of the unconscious in determining our thoughts and behaviour
b. the concept of infantile sexuality
c. the idea that many of our thoughts and behaviours happen by chance or accident
d. the central role of sexual instinct
Answer: c
Correct: Freud had a place in his theory for childhood sexuality, the sexual instinct in general, and the unconscious. In fact, he did believe that there was a cause for every human action and thought, and that it related back to our unconscious.
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Page Reference: 309
Topic: Conceptual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
10) According to Freud, whatever we are thinking at any given moment would be part of our
a. id.
b. preconscious.
c. conscious.
d. unconscious.
Answer: c
Correct: In Freudian theory, the conscious consists of every thought or perception we have at any given moment.
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Page Reference: 308
Topic: Conceptual
Objective: 11.1 Describe the three levels of awareness in Freud’s theory of consciousness.
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