Understanding Statistics In the Behavioral Sciences 10th Edition By Robert – Test Bank

TEST QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice

1. With alpha and the effect of the independent variable held constant, as N increases _________.
2. power increases
3. the probability of a Type I error increases
4.    the probability of a Type II error increases
5. power decreases

ANS: a

2. With alpha and N held constant, as the effect of the independent variable increases _________.

1. The probability of rejecting H₀ increases
2. power increases
3. the probability of rejecting H₀ remains the same
4. the probability of making a Type II error decreases
5. a, b, and d
6. a and b

ANS: b

3. With the effect of the independent variable and N held constant, as a gets more stringent _________.
4. power increases
5. power stays the same
6. power decreases
7. beta decreases

ANS: c

4. The advantage of a powerful experiment is that _________.
5. the probability of a Type I error is reduced.
6. you are more likely to detect the real effects of the independent variable, if there are any.
7. as power increases, alpha increases.
8. as power increases, N increases

ANS: b

5. If H₀ is in reality false and it is legitimate to use a directional H₁, which of the following will yield a more powerful test?
6. one-tailed alternative hypothesis
7. two-tailed alternative hypothesis
8. one-tailed or two-tailed alternative hypothesis will yield the same power
9. type of alternative hypothesis has no effect on power

ANS: a

6. If H₀ is true and the probability of making a Type I error is 0.05, then the probability of making a correct decision is _________.
7. power
8. 0.05
9. 0.95
10. need more information

ANS: c

7. In an experiment in which H₁ is nondirectional, and the state of reality is such that the probability of a plus = 0.50, the probability of making a Type II error is _________.
8. 1 – alpha
9. 0
10. 1
11. need more information

ANS: b

8. Maximizing the power of an experiment _________.
9. minimizes alpha
10. minimizes beta
11. increases the probability of rejecting H₀ when H₀ is true
12. increases the probability of making a Type II error

ANS: b

9. If H₀ is true, then the probability of rejecting H₀ is limited by _________.
10. Power
11. 1 – power
12. alpha
13. beta

ANS: c

10. Which of the following values of P represents the largest effect?
    1. P_real = 0.20
    2. P_real = 0.70
    3. P_real = 0.75
    4. P_null = 0.50

ANS: a

11. If N = 4, P_real = 0.80 in the direction predicted, and a = 0.05_{1 tail}, using the sign test, the power is _________.
12. 0.9375
13. 0.0000
14. 1.0000
15. 0.0625

ANS: b

12. If H₁ is nondirectional and the size of the effect of the independent variable decreases, the probability of making a Type I error _________.
13. decreases
14. increases
15. equals zero

1. need more information

ANS: c

13. With other factors held constant, as the effect of the independent variable decreases, power will _________ and the probability of a Type II error will _________.
    1. decrease, increase
    2. decrease, decrease
    3. increase, decrease
    4. increase, increase

ANS: a

14. The power of an experiment is affected by _________.
    1. the alpha level
    2. the sample size
    3. the size of effect of the independent variable
    4. all of the above

ANS: d

15. If the null hypothesis is false, the probability of making a correct decision is given by _________.
16. alpha

1. beta
2. 1 – alpha
3. power

ANS: d